Japanese garden paths – Part 2（通路）
How stepping stones in Japanese Gardens change pace, mindset, and movement
In Japanese, stepping stones are called “tobi-ishi” (飛石), which translates to “flying stones” or “skipping stones.” Unlike smooth, paved paths, these stones demand focus. Visitors must make small, deliberate steps—or even jumps—from one stone to the next. This simple change profoundly affects how one experiences the garden.
On a wide, paved path, guests might stroll side-by-side and chat. However, stepping stones naturally create a single-file procession. That’s why they appear frequently in tea gardens, where the walk toward the teahouse becomes a quiet, introspective journey. Each step helps guests transition from the outside world into a more contemplative state—preparing them for the tea ceremony.
Tea master Sen no Rikyū (千利休), known for his refined aesthetics, disliked muddy shoes and is said to have introduced the tobi-ishi path. He recommended raising the stones 6cm above the ground. Later tea masters followed, adjusting the height: Furuta Oribe preferred 5cm, and Kobori Enshū, 3cm. Even these small changes reflected distinct philosophies on hospitality and movement.
The first section of this eBook explores tobi-ishi patterns. The second introduces trump stones (yaku-ishi)—stones with symbolic or directional function. In the final part, you’ll see examples of beautiful stepping stone paths in four Japanese gardens.
Read more in our eBook!
Paths in the Japanese Garden (2)
Japanese Garden Paths – Part 2 explains the purpose of stepping stones and their influence on movement and mood.
Learn more before your visit—or revisit from home.
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